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ШЫҢҒЫЗ ХАН

Bibliographic Description

Шыңғыз хан / Исақұлов Е., Оразбай З. – Нұр-Сұлтан : Фолиант, 2020. – ISBN 978-601-338-583-9.

Author
Исақұлов Е., Оразбай З.
Publisher
Фолиант
Year of publication
2020
Classification index (UDC)
—
Language
Kazakh
Publication type
Book
Country of Publication
—
Access
Available to all

Description

It is known that today the entire world community believes that no one has ever written a more truthful history than Rashid al-Din's book "Jami al-Tawarikh," written seven hundred years ago in Persian, recognized in its time by all scholars and known as a "medieval encyclopedia." Rashid al-Din noted several times in his book that the information given in it was drawn from the "Altan Debter" ("Golden Book"), kept with the utmost secrecy in the treasuries of the dynasty of Genghis Khan, which ruled in the Iranian state in the 13th-14th centuries, as well as from other sources. The book in question became known to the world community only in the 19th century. It was first translated into French and English. Between 1858 and 1888, I.N. Berezin published two excerpts of it in Russian under the titles "History of the Mongols" and "History of Genghis Khan." Between 1936 and 1952, scholars of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the USSR Academy of Sciences translated "Jami al-Tawarikh" into Russian in full. As a result of these translations, from that time on the notion took hold in the consciousness of the world community that the origin of Genghis Khan was "Mongol." "Jami al-Tawarikh," which records the authentic history of our ancestors, was first translated into Kazakh between 2016 and 2018 at the International Turkic Academy. The translation was carried out by Zaripbai Zhumanuly Orazbai, a specialist in Arabic, Persian and Chagatai, a member of the Council of Ulema of the Spiritual Administration of Muslims of Kazakhstan, and a senior researcher at South Kazakhstan State University. In the course of a comparative study of the Kazakh and Russian texts of "Jami al-Tawarikh," it was established that the Russian translation contained gross errors and distortions. As a result, the names and histories of tribes, people, lands, mountains, rivers and lakes underwent unwarranted changes: the name of Genghis Khan and his clan — who came from the Mughal branch of the Turks who inhabited the valleys of the rivers along the Irtysh and the Burkhan Khaldun mountains in what is now East Kazakhstan Region — was mistranslated as "Mongol," and the location of the ancestral lands of the Mughals and their ancient neighbors, the Kerei and the Naiman, was, at the hands of the translators, instantly transferred from the Irtysh and Burkhan Khaldun to the territory of Mongolia, so that they "became" "Mongols." The falsifiers of history did not stop at this alone, but also introduced the "corrections" they needed into the old maps of that time, repeatedly altering the location and names of the Burkhan and Khaldun mountains and the rivers that rise from them, as well as the dwelling places of the Turkic tribes and their Mughal branch. Traces of these actions can be seen in the old maps and books of the Germans, the Swedes and the Russians. It was also established that the above-mentioned "Altan Debter" and other materials kept in the treasuries of Genghis Khan's dynasty, which ruled in Iran, were written in Mughal script and in the Mughal language. It became known that it was Bolad Chingsang who processed these materials and, on their basis, was the first to compile, in the Mughal language, the genealogies and history of the Turks and their Mughal branch descended from Genghis Khan that were included in the first and second volumes of "Jami al-Tawarikh." The scholarly team headed by Rashid al-Din then combined these materials with other data available to them and wrote the Persian-language work "Jami al-Tawarikh." According to Rashid al-Din, this great emir named Bolad Chingsang, who was the foremost authority on the history of the Turks and their Mughal branch, was at that time the commander of the armies of Iran and Turan and a ruler among the states of the world. Khubilai Khagan had at one time sent him as an envoy to Iran. Regrettably, this information has remained unknown to the world community to this day. It was only brought to light in the course of research carried out after "Jami al-Tawarikh" was translated into Kazakh. The Kazakh translation of "Jami al-Tawarikh" consists of five volumes and was published in a very small print run. The book is written in the distinctive literary style that took shape in the Middle Ages, and the information in it is too scattered, making it extremely difficult to gather together and grasp at once. Moreover, seven hundred years have passed since "Jami al-Tawarikh" was written. Since then the Turkic and Mughal tribes have split into various branches, turned into new clans, acquired new names, while the ancient names of some of them have been entirely forgotten. As noted above, the names of the lands, mountains, rivers and lakes inhabited by the Mughals likewise changed many times. Taking all of this into account, we selected the most important information concerning the Turks and their Mughal branch given in "Jami al-Tawarikh" and, on its basis, wrote the book "Genghis Khan," which we now present for your attention. In addition to the information given in "Jami al-Tawarikh," this book incorporates extremely valuable and fresh information drawn from the works written in Persian in the 15th and 16th centuries — Sharaf al-Din Ali Yazdi's "Zafarnama" and Muhammad Haidar Dulati's "Tarikh-i-Rashidi" — concerning the time of the emergence of the Turkic and Mughal tribes, the fact that the genealogy of Genghis Khan, who came from the Mughal branch of the Turks, traces back to the Prophets Noah (peace be upon him) and Adam (peace be upon him), the fact that Amir Timur was a very close relative of Genghis Khan by lineage, and the fact that the states of Moghulistan and the Golden Horde, formed by the decision of the Talas Kurultai convened in 1269 on the initiative of Genghis Khan's grandson Khan Kaidu, converge with the Kazakh Khanate founded by Sultans Kerei and Zhanibek in 1465. In addition, concrete and irrefutable information concerning the Turks, shown on old maps and in books published in the 17th-21st centuries, is presented regarding the matters discussed, with the corresponding explanations and appendices given on the pages of the book. We believe that this book will have a great influence on the spiritual revival of the Kazakh people, and will especially raise the spirit of our youth and inspire them to work selflessly for the bright future of our country.

Machine translation, not reviewed by the editors